Cyberspace is a distinct virtual environment, characterized by its intangibility, anonymity, and boundless connectivity. In what ways does this impact how individuals think, feel, connect, learn, and work? This new briefing paper discusses the origins of cyberpsychology as a discipline, and the key concepts associated with the study of human behavior in cyber contexts. With applications in a range of sectors and industries, including health, education, and Safety Tech, the science of cyberpsychology also intersects with cybersecurity and cyber safety. One of its major contributions, as it evolves alongside technologies like AI, is helping us to understand human habits, behaviors and cognitive processes that influence security outcomes, as part of fostering a safer, more secure Cyberspace.